The Perspective of Plato and Aristotle on the Value of Art Essays

The Perspective of Plato and Aristotle on the Value of Art As literary critics, Plato and Aristotle disagree profoundly about the value of device in human society. Plato attempts to strip wileists of the power and prominence they enjoy in his society, while Aristotle tries to develop a method of inquiry to determine the merits of an individual operation of craft. It is interesting to note that these two disparate notions of art are based upon the same fundamental assumption that art is a form of mimesis, imitation. Both philosophers are concerned with the artists ability to have significant impact on others. It is the imitative function of art which promotes disdain in Plato and curiosity in Aristotle. Examining the reality that art professes to imitate, the process of imitation, and the inherent strengths and weaknesses of imitation as a form of artistic expression may lead to understanding how these conflicting views of art could develop from a seemingly similar premise. Both philosophers hold radically different notions of reality. The assumptions distributively man makes about truth, knowledge, and goodness directly affect their specific ideas about art. For Plato, art imitates a knowledge base that is already far withdraw from authentic reality, Truth. Truth exists only in intellectual abstraction, that is, paradoxically, more real than concrete objects. The universal essence, the Idea, the manakin of a thing, is more real and thus more important than its physical substance. The physical world, the world of appearances experienced through the senses, does not harbor reality. This tangible world is an imperfect reflection of the universal world of Forms. Human observations based on these reflections are, therefore, highly suspect. At b... ... the definition derived by each philosopher is profoundly different. In pasture to construct a coherent, wide-ranging philosophy, art and its impact on society must be reckoned with, whether as an imitation of a system far removed or a system in our midst. The process of imitation is used in both cases to promote the particular version of reality espoused by each man. While such a study is beneficial in tracing the philosophical conflict regarding the usage and importance of imitation in art, what is most apparent, perhaps, is the find that language itself is an imperfect imitation of meaning, capable of fostering such conflicts. Works Cited Aristotle. Poetics The Critical Tradition. Ed., David H. Richter, New York St. Martins Press, 1989. Plato. Republic, Book X The Critical Tradition. Ed., David H. Richter, New York St. Martins Press, 1989.